New ghost shark species potentially discovered off Costa Rica's coast

On July 4, 2026, scientists from Costa Rica announced a potential discovery of a new species of ghost shark in the Pacific waters near Cabo Blanco and Cano Island. According to Arturo Angulo Sibaja, a biology professor at the University of Costa Rica, this new species exhibits a shorter snout, darker coloration, and a significantly longer spine on its dorsal fin.

Characteristics of the New Ghost Shark Species

The newly identified ghost shark is notable for several physical features that distinguish it from its relatives. Key characteristics include:

• A shorter snout
• A darker coloration pattern
• A much longer dorsal fin spine

Sibaja emphasized that this ghost shark species is currently the only one known along the Central American coast. Genetic analysis suggests that it does not have reproductive contact with other ghost sharks, indicating a unique lineage.

Comparison with Other Ghost Shark Species

While the Costa Rican ghost shark appears distinct, previous specimens collected near Peru and Chile show similarities. Researchers are conducting thorough comparisons to finalize their conclusions about this new species. Currently, three other ghost shark species have been documented in various locations, including:

1. South Africa
2. Taiwan
3. Australia
4. Japan
5. The Atlantic Ocean between Greenland and Brazil

Future Research and Distribution Potential

Sibaja believes that the new ghost shark species could have a broader distribution along the Pacific coast of Central and South America. This discovery opens up avenues for further research into the biodiversity of cartilaginous fish in these waters.

The ghost shark, belonging to the group of cartilaginous fish known as Rinochimaera, diverged from sharks nearly 400 million years ago. Their unique evolutionary path makes them a subject of interest among ichthyologists.