Learning a second language can slow brain aging by up to 13 years, study reveals

Learning another language appears to slow brain aging significantly, with research suggesting that multilingual individuals may have brains that function up to 13 years younger than their chronological age. This study was presented at the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies conference in Barcelona, highlighting the cognitive benefits of multilingualism.

Impact of Multilingualism on Brain Age

The study found that individuals who spoke two languages had brains that seemed about six years younger than those who spoke only one language. Furthermore, those who communicated in three languages had neurological ages that appeared seven years younger, while speakers of four languages showed a remarkable difference of approximately 13 years.

As we age, the connectivity among nerve cells in our brains can deteriorate, leading to memory decline and slower cognitive processing. This research indicates that early and continued exposure to multiple languages can help mitigate these effects, offering a profound insight into brain health.

Research Methodology and Findings

Conducted by scientists in Spain, Chile, Argentina, and Dublin, the study analyzed over 700 participants from the Basque region, known for its high levels of multilingualism. They utilized magnetoencephalography to assess brain activity, allowing for a detailed comparison of neurological age based on language proficiency.

Dr. Lucia Amoruso from the Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, stated, “In simple terms, people who spoke more languages tended to have brains that looked younger than expected for their chronological age.” The study emphasized that both the number of languages spoken and the age at which they were learned play critical roles in brain aging.

Broader Implications of Language Learning

Experts are advocating for the promotion of language learning from an early age. Prof. Christina Dalla of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens remarked on the study's implications, saying, “This study suggests that learning a second, third, or fourth language could help our brains to stay younger for longer.”

However, caution is advised. Eef Hogervorst, a professor of biological psychology at Loughborough University, noted that multilingual individuals often engage in healthier lifestyles, which could also contribute to better brain resilience.

• Two languages: brains appear 6 years younger
• Three languages: brains appear 7 years younger
• Four languages: brains appear 13 years younger