ICOM Revises Museum Code of Ethics to Tackle AI, Colonialism, and Climate Change

The International Council of Museums (ICOM) has adopted a revised code of ethics for the first time since 2004, addressing critical issues such as AI, colonialism, and the climate crisis. This significant update was officially approved at ICOM's 41st Ordinary General Assembly held in Paris in late June 2023, following a comprehensive development process led by its Ethics Committee.

New Ethical Guidelines for Museums

The updated code, which received support from over 85 percent of participants, emphasizes the importance of addressing the climate crisis and the historical role of museums in colonial practices. It mandates that museum members strive for carbon neutrality and engage in responsible ethical practices.

Since its initial adoption in 1986, ICOM's code has evolved to reflect contemporary challenges. The latest version incorporates a revised museum definition, stating that a museum is “a not-for-profit, permanent institution in the service of society that researches, collects, conserves, interprets, and exhibits tangible and intangible heritage.”

Addressing Digital Technology and Political Influence

The new provisions include specific guidelines regarding the use of digital technologies, particularly AI. ICOM asserts that individuals working with museums must consider the ethical implications and environmental impacts of these technologies, while also being cautious of their potential to disseminate inaccurate information.

Furthermore, the code addresses the concern of political interference in museum operations. It urges museums to resist financial or political influence to maintain integrity in their exhibitions and publications, stating, “Regardless of funding sources or governance models, museums should maintain control of the content and integrity of their activities.”

Provisions on Acquisitions and Global Challenges

In light of ongoing geopolitical tensions, the code explicitly advises museums against acquiring objects from occupied territories. This provision responds to recent issues, including allegations of cultural looting amid the conflict in Ukraine.

The comprehensive nature of the new code reflects the pressing challenges that museums face today, from geopolitical to climatic issues. ICOM's statement encapsulates the urgency: “Museums are facing major geopolitical, social, economic and climatic challenges, while some long-accepted societal practices and attitudes are being questioned.”