Extreme Weather Threatens White Stork Survival in Bulgaria: A 15-Year Study

A comprehensive study published on July 1, 2026, highlights the severe impact of extreme weather on the survival of white storks (Ciconia ciconia) in Bulgaria. Conducted by researchers from Trakia University and the Agricultural University of Plovdiv, this 15-year research project analyzes data from the Wildlife Rescue and Breeding Center (WRBC) from 2010 to 2025.

Key Findings on Stork Rehabilitation

The study, led by Rusko Petrov, alongside Eva Pastir and Gradimir Gradev, focused on 3,690 storks admitted to the WRBC over the study period. Of these, 158 cases were linked to extreme weather events such as storms, hailstorms, and wildfires. The results show that only 49% of the storks affected by extreme weather were successfully rehabilitated and returned to the wild.

In contrast, survival rates varied significantly based on the type of weather event. For instance, only 33% of storks affected by wildfires survived, whereas 74% of those affected by storms and snowfall were rehabilitated successfully.

Geographic Patterns of Extreme Weather Events

The researchers identified distinct geographic and climatic patterns correlating with the incidents of stork rescues. Wildfires were predominantly found in the warmer Upper Thracian Plain, driven by summer heat waves and human activity. Conversely, cold-related rescues were more common in the Danubian Plain, where winter cold air masses prevail.

This geographic distribution aligns with global warming trends, as increasingly warmer winters lead to earlier stork migrations. This exposes them to sudden spring frosts and blizzards, further complicating their survival.

Implications for Conservation Efforts

Petrov emphasized the broader implications of this research for other migratory and endangered bird species. He stated, "Our research focuses on white storks, but the impact is similar for many other bird species, especially migratory ones that are most sensitive to extreme weather conditions." To mitigate these challenges, the authors stress the urgent need for improved wildlife rescue efforts, enhanced nest protection, and proactive climate adaptation strategies.

• 49% of extreme weather victims rehabilitated
• 51% of cases resulted in fatalities
• Survival rate for wildfire incidents: 33%
• Survival rate for storm-related incidents: 74%

This study underscores the urgent need for conservation strategies to protect the white stork and highlights the interplay between climate change and wildlife survival.